Table 2. Sampling intensities needed to detect
overall changes of 50%, 25%, and 10% over
10 years of annual monitoring of amphibian
populations. Values are the number plots or
subpopulations that should be monitored to detect
a trend at alpha = 0.1 with a likelihood (power)
of > 0.90 given 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 annual count(s)
of each plot or subpopulation. All estimates
were made with the "monitor.exe" program
with 250 replications.
		Counts/year
5	4	3	2	1
Terrestrial and Streamside Salamanders
0.5	10	10	10	10	10
0.25	10	10	10	10	20
0.1	20	30	40	70	100
Pond-breeding Salamanders
0.5	10	10	10	20	30
0.25	20	30	30	50	80
0.1	110	120	170	>250	>250
Frogs and Toads
0.5	10	10	10	10	20
0.25	20	20	20	30	60
0.1	70	90	100	160	>250